The trajectory towards future federal fiscal crisis and the concern of fiscal deficits in Canada can be traced back to...

a.

the Bank of Canada's monetary policies that led increases in inflation in the 1980s.

b.

policies that reduced social programs after the productivity slowdown of the 1970s.

c.

Keynesian-based fiscal policy of the 1970s that followed OPEC's oil price shock.

d.

Pierre Elliot Trudeau liberalized laws on abortion, homosexuality, lotteries and divorce.