The use of animals in research is a controversial and emotionally charged issue. Personal feelings regarding the use of animals in research vary widely. While many believe that the use of animals in research has been and continues to be essential, others want the practice stopped by cutting off funding or the passing of legislative restrictions. Research on human attitudes toward the use of animals in research has consistently shown systematic differences of opinion with gender differences among the largest. In this study, a convenience sample of 34 University of Houston - Downtown students completed a simple survey that asked their gender and how much they agreed with the following two statements: "The use of animals in research is wrong," and "The use of animals in research is necessary". They rated their agreement with each of these statements on a 7-point scale from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (7).

Questions to Answer Is there a gender difference with respect to the belief that animal research is wrong?

Is there a gender difference with respect to the belief that animal research is necessary? Design Issues This is self-report data. It is possible that the willingness to admit to thinking animal research is wrong or necessary is what differs by gender, not how the participants actually feel.

Need assistance with these questions:

In the body of your posting, include an overview of the following based on the research question, "Is there a gender difference with respect to the belief that animal research is necessary?"

• Hypotheses: List the statistical notation and written explanations for the null and alternative hypotheses for the study.
• Variables: Describe the independent and dependent variables, their levels, operational definitions, and characteristics (e.g., scale of measurement).
• Data Analysis: You are given the following information from the t test conducted: t (32) = 1.84, p = .0745; Male M = 5; Female M = 4. Summarize the specific type of statistical test conducted, the results obtained, and conclusions regarding the hypotheses (e.g, can we reject at the .05 or .01 level?). Be sure to include why this specific t test was selected.
• Critique: Critique the results of the study, paying specific attention to the appropriateness of the analyses conducted, any biases or assumptions that were made, practical significance of the results, and recommendations for improving upon the study (methods or analyses).

GENDER WRONG NECESSARY

2 3 5

2 2 7

2 3 5

2 5 5

2 6 4

2 4 4

2 7 7

2 2 6

2 6 2

2 3 4

2 3 6

2 6 5

2 5 2

2 4 6

2 1 7

2 4 4

2 2 6

1 5 5

1 5 5

1 5 5

1 2 6

1 3 5

1 7 2

1 7 5

1 4 5

1 7 2

1 5 5

1 7 1

1 7 3

1 5 5

1 3 5

1 5 5

1 7 3

1 7 1

Findings

66 Males believe it is wrong to use animals for research

85 Males believe it is necessary to use animals for research

91 Females believe it is wrong to use animals for research

68 Females believe it is wrong to use animals for research