The values of financial assets such as stocks, bonds, and capital investments are found as the present value of their expected future cash flows, creating the need to

a$.$ secure a fixed interest rate.

b$.$ calculate the future value $($FV$)$ of the asset frequently.

c$.$ carefully monitor the company's other assets.

d$.$ ensure stop$-$losses are set on vulnerable assets.

e$.$ calculate the present values much more often than the future values.