The week 10 reading claims that business organisations can benefit from adopting sustainability initiatives. Identify and explain how three of these initiatives (below) could benefit Amazon in relation to its use of plastic packaging.

1. Stakeholder engagement & shared value creation This is about creating value not just for shareholders, but for all stakeholders. This leads to better engagement and an improved relationship with stakeholders, which has many benefits, including better ideas and greater loyalty 2. Risk management Risks such as climate change and extreme weather events, resource scarcity and price spikes, weather-related disruptions to supply chains etc. all pose huge risks to companies and are often outside of their control. These long-term risks require companies to make investment decisions now for the future to try and mitigate them. 3. Innovation Investing in sustainability often drives companies towards innovative solutions that they would not have discovered otherwise. This process gives companies the opportunity to be more creative and find ways to do things more efficiently.

4. Financial performance There is a common misconception that sustainability and profits do not go together, but sustainability can increase profits and cut costs. This is through improved efficiency (reducing energy use or resource use is good for the environment and for the firm's bottom line), better financial performance and investors valuing sustainable performance. 5. Customer loyalty Consumers are becoming more conscious of sustainability and are more likely to purchase products and support companies who act sustainably. 6. Staff engagement Companies that practice sustainability have staff that are more loyal, productive, efficient. This improves HR statistics related to recruitment, retention, and morale. Think of all the time and money that goes into finding, hiring and training new staff - it is way more efficient to retain good staff, and staff tend to be more loyal to companies that they perceive to be doing "the right thing".