Theory X and Theory Y are theories about human motivation created and developed by Douglas McGregor in the 1960s and have been used in the study of human resource management, organizational behavior, and organizational development. They describe two very different attitudes about employees and workers regarding the willingness to complete assignments. McGregor felt that companies followed either one approach or the other.

Theory Z focused on increasing employee loyalty to the company by providing a job for life with a strong focus on the well-being of the employee, both on and off the job. According to Dr. William Ouchi, its leading proponent, Theory Z management tends to promote stable employment, high productivity, and high employee morale and satisfaction.

Review each situation and determine which style of management is being demonstrated:

There is great opportunity for personal improvement and advancement	Answer 1Choose...Theory XTheory ZTheory Y
The project team collectively makes decisions	Answer 2Choose...Theory XTheory ZTheory Y
The project manager provides opportunity for discussion and participation in decision making	Answer 3Choose...Theory XTheory ZTheory Y
Strong discipline and punishment are used to induce the required work effort	Answer 4Choose...Theory XTheory ZTheory Y
The project manager spends a great deal of time observing and supervising the project team	Answer 5Choose...Theory XTheory ZTheory Y
The project manager directs all project work