There are two aspects to process management: process planning and process control. The latter is to continually ensure that the actual process performance conforms to the planned performance. On the other hand, which one of the following is NOT the task involved in process planning?

a. monitor the performance variability and implement adjustment actions

b. design operating procedures such as production lot sizing and decision on order quantity

c. structure process architecture if it will be job shop or flow shop

d. develop key competencies such as process capability, capacity, flexibility, and production efficiency