Thermodynamics 11. State the first law of thermodynamics. (2 marks) 12. Define specific heat capacity and calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of 2 kg of water by 10C. (c = 4186 J/kgC) (3 marks) 13. Explain the Carnot cycle and its significance. (4 marks) 14. Describe the process of thermal conduction and give an example. (3 marks) 15. What is entropy? Explain its importance in thermodynamics. (3 marks) 16. Calculate the efficiency of a heat engine that absorbs 500 J of heat and does 300 J of work. (2 marks) 17. Explain the difference between isothermal and adiabatic processes. (3 marks) 18. Describe the concept of thermal equilibrium. (2 marks) 19. Explain the second law of thermodynamics. (3 marks) 20. Calculate the work done by an ideal gas during an isobaric expansion from 10 L to 20 L at a pressure of 100 kPa. (3 marks)