They infer that this may encompass the methodology employed, the types of inquiries posed, how the evidence is being interpreted, and so on. Somers presented an independent review in 2017 that shifted the focus from the conceptual framework of the FEVS to the utilization or application of the FEVS statistics by academics. The author alludes to several constructs derived from FEVS questions by academicians, including leadership, autonomy, job, and intrinsic motivation, and involvement, for which validation procedures have proven to be insufficient. Somers implies that experts have been employing FEVS information to develop constructs without conducting sufficient validation. This observation suggests that these constructs might not give an accurate representation of the variables they are intended to assess, or that the purported consistent and strong relationships that exist between FEVS items and the categories are not supported by the research. According to Somers, this may lead to the potential for inaccurate deductions or misinterpretations of the data