***This is the MMR.txt file uploaded by copy pasting it in as text***

MMR ( measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles)) vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 in 2018 State Percent Alabama 92.8 Alaska 91.2 Arizona 88.3 Arkansas 92.0 California 91.1 Colorado 92.7 Connecticut 95.9 Delaware 95.7 District of Columbia NA Florida 96.1 Georgia 97.0 Hawaii 93.7 Idaho 88.5 Illinois 94.6 Indiana 95.9 Iowa 96.0 Kansas 86.5 Kentucky 91.7 Louisiana 94.8 Maine 94.6 Maryland 94.1 Massachusetts 97.9 Michigan 91.0 Minnesota 97.1 Mississippi 94.2 Missouri 89.4 Montana 92.3 Nebraska 93.1 Nevada 89.0 New Hampshire 98.8 New Jersey 90.5 New Mexico 90.4 New York 95.2 North Carolina 92.5 North Dakota 96.4 Ohio 89.5 Oklahoma 87.7 Oregon 93.2 Pennsylvania 96.2 Rhode Island 97.8 South Carolina 92.5 South Dakota 97.2 Tennessee 93.6 Texas 83.1 Utah 89.5 Vermont 96.0 Virginia 92.3 Washington 88.3 West Virginia 86.5 Wisconsin 93.9 Wyoming 90.0 Guam 76.3 Puerto Rico NA U.S. Virgin Islands NA United States 91.9

CSE 231 Spring 2020 Programming Project 05 This assignment is worth 45 points (4.5% of the course grade) and must be completed and turned in before 11:59 PM on Monday, February 18, 2020. Assignment Overview 1. Functions 2. File input and output 3. try-except Assignment Background Vaccinations have become a concern for some people resulting in an increase in diseases that had become increasingly rare. Measles which is part of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine has been in the news. According to the CDC, in 2017, measles caused an estimated 110,000 deaths worldwide. An important part of the science of vaccines is herd immunity. Herd immunity describes how a population is protected from a disease after vaccination by stopping the germ responsible for the infection being transmitted between people. In this way even people who cannot be vaccinated can be protected, e.g. babies. For example, measles is very contagious. Before the use of the measles vaccine, every person with measles would infect another 10-15 people and so the disease would spread very quickly. To achieve herd immunity for measles at least 90-95% of the population need to be vaccinated. In this project we will use CDC data to examine measles herd immunity in the US. Use of advanced data structures such as lists, sets, and dictionaries are prohibited. Project Specification We provide the file, MMR.txt, which has a title line followed by a header line and then lines of data in the format. This format allows you to use slicing to extract the data: state: the leftmost 25 characters of the line (string) percentage: the rightmost 4 characters of the line (float) We also provide a program with skeletons of the functions: proj05.py Your code should include at least the following functions. Feel free to create more 1. open_file() fp: This function takes no parameters, and then uses the try-except format to prompt for a filename, open the data file and return the file pointer if successful. Your function should be able to catch the error and print the error message if it fails to open; and then reprompt. It will reprompt until successful 2. get_us_value(fp) float: This function takes as an input, fp: the file pointer for the data file. CSE 231 Spring 2020 The value for the overall United States MMR coverage is in the line with the label "United States". Find and return that value. Read the file line-by-line, use slicing to extract the "state" and value, keep reading until you find "United States". (Use fp.seek (0) to rewind the file to the beginning as your first line of the function. Use a pair of fp.readline() statements to skip the title and header lines.) This function does not print anything. a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns: float 3. get_min_value_and_state(fp) string, float: This function takes as an input, fp: the file pointer for the data file. This function should return the minimum value in the file and the associated state. Read the file line-by-line, use slicing to extract the "state" and value. The algorithm for finding a minimal value is the begin with some large value, let's name it min_value (since these are percentages any value over 100 will work). You will need a second variable, let's name it min_state to record the associated state name. Examine the value in each line, if you find a value that is smaller than min_value, you have found a better minimal value. Remember to update the min_state. If you do that with every line, you will have found the minimal value after reading all lines. Return the minimal value and the associated state. Your program should ignore the lines where the values are "NA" (Use fp.seek (0) to rewind the file to the beginning as your first line of the function. Use a pair of fp.readline() statements to skip the title and header lines. There is only one minimal value so we do not have to consider ties.) This function does not print anything. a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns two values: string, float 4. get_max_value_and_state(fp) string, float: This function takes as an input, fp: the file pointer for the data file. This function should return the maximum value in the file and the associated state. It is similar to the get_min_value_and_state function. There is only one maximal value so we do not need to consider ties. This function does not print anything. Your program should ignore the lines where the values are "NA". a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns two values: string, float 5. display_herd_immunity (fp) None: This function displays all the states whose coverage is less than 90%, the minimal value needed for measles herd immunity. Use these strings for the title and header: " States with insufficient Measles herd immunity." "{:5s)". format ("State", "Percent") Format the data lines similar to the header CSE 231 Spring 2020 state: string, left justified with a field width of 25 value: float, right justified with a field width of 5 and 1 decimal digit of precision Your program should ignore the lines where the values are "NA". a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns: nothing 6. write_herd_immunity (fp) None: This function writes into a file named herd.txt all the states whose coverage is less than 90%, the minimal value needed for measles herd immunity Specifications are exactly the same as the previous function display herd immunity, the difference is that instead of displaying on the screen you will be writing to a file. Remember to close the file after writing to it. a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns: nothing 7. main() None: In main() begin by calling open_file() to get the file pointer. Then read the header line and display it. Finally, call the other functions to extract, calculate and print values. We provide a strings.txt file so you can get the strings and formatting to match the tests. Assignment Notes 1. Coding Standard 1-9 will be enforced. 2. Use of fp.seek (0) to force starting reading at the beginning of a file is inefficient so it should rarely (as in never) be used. In fact, we will prohibit its use in future projects. Why? Reading from files on disk is slow compared to getting information from memory (that is thousands to millions of times slower). The proper way to do it is to read information from a file ONCE into a data structure in memory and thereafter always refer to the data structure. However, we haven't learned the appropriate data structures yet so we are using fp.seek (0) in this project. Assignment Deliverable The deliverable for this assignment is the following file: proj05.py - the source code for your Python program Be sure to use the specified file name and to submit it for grading via the Mimir before the project deadline. Test Cases CSE 231 Spring 2020 Function Test: get_us_value() instructor: 91.9 student: 91.9 Function Test: get_min_value_and_state() instructor: ('Guam', 76.3) student: ('Guam', 76.3) Function Test: get_max value_and_state() instructor: ('New Hampshire', 98.8) student: ('New Hampshire', 98.8) Test 1 Input a file name: MMR.txt MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles)) vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 in 2018 Overall US MMR coverage: 91.98 State with minimal MMR coverage: Guam 76.3% State with maximum MMR coverage: New Hampshire 98.8% States with insufficient Measles herd immunity. State Percent Arizona 88.38 Idaho 88.5% Kansas 86.5% Missouri 89.4% Nevada 89.0% Ohio 89.5% Oklahoma 87.7% Texas 83.1% Utah 89.5% Washington 88.3% West Virginia 86.5% Guam 76.38 Grading Rubric Computer Project #05 General Requirements: Scoring Summary (5 pts) Coding Standard 1-9 (descriptive comments, function headers, etc...) Implementation: (5 pts) open_file function (no Mimir test) - 3 Did not use try/except (7 pts) get_us_value function (7 pts) get_min_value_and_state function ( 7 pts) get_max_value_and_state function (7 pts) write_herd_immunity function ( 7 pts) Testi (includes testing display_herd immunity) Note: hard coding an answer earns zero points for the whole project - 10 points for not using main() string.txt Input a file name: " "Error: file not found. Please try again." "herd.txt" " States with insufficient Measles herd immunity." "{:5s}". format("State", "Percent") "{:5.1f}!" "Overall US MMR coverage: {}%" "State with minimal MMR coverage: {} {}%" "State with maximum MMR coverage: {} {}%" proj05.py T!!! Insert heading comments here.'!! def open_file(): ""'Insert docstring here.'' pass # insert your code here def get_us_value(fp): ""'Insert docstring here.'' pass # insert your code here def get_min_value_and_state(fp): "''Insert docstring here.'! pass # insert your code here def get_max_value_and_state(fp): "I'Insert docstring here.'!! pass # insert your code here def display_herd_immunity(fp): "''Insert docstring here.'!! pass # insert your code here def write_herd_immunity(fp): "I'Insert docstring here.'' pass # insert your code here def main(): "I'Insert docstring here.'!! pass # insert your code here if _name__ == "__main__": main() CSE 231 Spring 2020 Programming Project 05 This assignment is worth 45 points (4.5% of the course grade) and must be completed and turned in before 11:59 PM on Monday, February 18, 2020. Assignment Overview 1. Functions 2. File input and output 3. try-except Assignment Background Vaccinations have become a concern for some people resulting in an increase in diseases that had become increasingly rare. Measles which is part of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine has been in the news. According to the CDC, in 2017, measles caused an estimated 110,000 deaths worldwide. An important part of the science of vaccines is herd immunity. Herd immunity describes how a population is protected from a disease after vaccination by stopping the germ responsible for the infection being transmitted between people. In this way even people who cannot be vaccinated can be protected, e.g. babies. For example, measles is very contagious. Before the use of the measles vaccine, every person with measles would infect another 10-15 people and so the disease would spread very quickly. To achieve herd immunity for measles at least 90-95% of the population need to be vaccinated. In this project we will use CDC data to examine measles herd immunity in the US. Use of advanced data structures such as lists, sets, and dictionaries are prohibited. Project Specification We provide the file, MMR.txt, which has a title line followed by a header line and then lines of data in the format. This format allows you to use slicing to extract the data: state: the leftmost 25 characters of the line (string) percentage: the rightmost 4 characters of the line (float) We also provide a program with skeletons of the functions: proj05.py Your code should include at least the following functions. Feel free to create more 1. open_file() fp: This function takes no parameters, and then uses the try-except format to prompt for a filename, open the data file and return the file pointer if successful. Your function should be able to catch the error and print the error message if it fails to open; and then reprompt. It will reprompt until successful 2. get_us_value(fp) float: This function takes as an input, fp: the file pointer for the data file. CSE 231 Spring 2020 The value for the overall United States MMR coverage is in the line with the label "United States". Find and return that value. Read the file line-by-line, use slicing to extract the "state" and value, keep reading until you find "United States". (Use fp.seek (0) to rewind the file to the beginning as your first line of the function. Use a pair of fp.readline() statements to skip the title and header lines.) This function does not print anything. a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns: float 3. get_min_value_and_state(fp) string, float: This function takes as an input, fp: the file pointer for the data file. This function should return the minimum value in the file and the associated state. Read the file line-by-line, use slicing to extract the "state" and value. The algorithm for finding a minimal value is the begin with some large value, let's name it min_value (since these are percentages any value over 100 will work). You will need a second variable, let's name it min_state to record the associated state name. Examine the value in each line, if you find a value that is smaller than min_value, you have found a better minimal value. Remember to update the min_state. If you do that with every line, you will have found the minimal value after reading all lines. Return the minimal value and the associated state. Your program should ignore the lines where the values are "NA" (Use fp.seek (0) to rewind the file to the beginning as your first line of the function. Use a pair of fp.readline() statements to skip the title and header lines. There is only one minimal value so we do not have to consider ties.) This function does not print anything. a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns two values: string, float 4. get_max_value_and_state(fp) string, float: This function takes as an input, fp: the file pointer for the data file. This function should return the maximum value in the file and the associated state. It is similar to the get_min_value_and_state function. There is only one maximal value so we do not need to consider ties. This function does not print anything. Your program should ignore the lines where the values are "NA". a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns two values: string, float 5. display_herd_immunity (fp) None: This function displays all the states whose coverage is less than 90%, the minimal value needed for measles herd immunity. Use these strings for the title and header: " States with insufficient Measles herd immunity." "{:5s)". format ("State", "Percent") Format the data lines similar to the header CSE 231 Spring 2020 state: string, left justified with a field width of 25 value: float, right justified with a field width of 5 and 1 decimal digit of precision Your program should ignore the lines where the values are "NA". a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns: nothing 6. write_herd_immunity (fp) None: This function writes into a file named herd.txt all the states whose coverage is less than 90%, the minimal value needed for measles herd immunity Specifications are exactly the same as the previous function display herd immunity, the difference is that instead of displaying on the screen you will be writing to a file. Remember to close the file after writing to it. a. Parameter: file pointer b. Returns: nothing 7. main() None: In main() begin by calling open_file() to get the file pointer. Then read the header line and display it. Finally, call the other functions to extract, calculate and print values. We provide a strings.txt file so you can get the strings and formatting to match the tests. Assignment Notes 1. Coding Standard 1-9 will be enforced. 2. Use of fp.seek (0) to force starting reading at the beginning of a file is inefficient so it should rarely (as in never) be used. In fact, we will prohibit its use in future projects. Why? Reading from files on disk is slow compared to getting information from memory (that is thousands to millions of times slower). The proper way to do it is to read information from a file ONCE into a data structure in memory and thereafter always refer to the data structure. However, we haven't learned the appropriate data structures yet so we are using fp.seek (0) in this project. Assignment Deliverable The deliverable for this assignment is the following file: proj05.py - the source code for your Python program Be sure to use the specified file name and to submit it for grading via the Mimir before the project deadline. Test Cases CSE 231 Spring 2020 Function Test: get_us_value() instructor: 91.9 student: 91.9 Function Test: get_min_value_and_state() instructor: ('Guam', 76.3) student: ('Guam', 76.3) Function Test: get_max value_and_state() instructor: ('New Hampshire', 98.8) student: ('New Hampshire', 98.8) Test 1 Input a file name: MMR.txt MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles)) vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 in 2018 Overall US MMR coverage: 91.98 State with minimal MMR coverage: Guam 76.3% State with maximum MMR coverage: New Hampshire 98.8% States with insufficient Measles herd immunity. State Percent Arizona 88.38 Idaho 88.5% Kansas 86.5% Missouri 89.4% Nevada 89.0% Ohio 89.5% Oklahoma 87.7% Texas 83.1% Utah 89.5% Washington 88.3% West Virginia 86.5% Guam 76.38 Grading Rubric Computer Project #05 General Requirements: Scoring Summary (5 pts) Coding Standard 1-9 (descriptive comments, function headers, etc...) Implementation: (5 pts) open_file function (no Mimir test) - 3 Did not use try/except (7 pts) get_us_value function (7 pts) get_min_value_and_state function ( 7 pts) get_max_value_and_state function (7 pts) write_herd_immunity function ( 7 pts) Testi (includes testing display_herd immunity) Note: hard coding an answer earns zero points for the whole project - 10 points for not using main() string.txt Input a file name: " "Error: file not found. Please try again." "herd.txt" " States with insufficient Measles herd immunity." "{:5s}". format("State", "Percent") "{:5.1f}!" "Overall US MMR coverage: {}%" "State with minimal MMR coverage: {} {}%" "State with maximum MMR coverage: {} {}%" proj05.py T!!! Insert heading comments here.'!! def open_file(): ""'Insert docstring here.'' pass # insert your code here def get_us_value(fp): ""'Insert docstring here.'' pass # insert your code here def get_min_value_and_state(fp): "''Insert docstring here.'! pass # insert your code here def get_max_value_and_state(fp): "I'Insert docstring here.'!! pass # insert your code here def display_herd_immunity(fp): "''Insert docstring here.'!! pass # insert your code here def write_herd_immunity(fp): "I'Insert docstring here.'' pass # insert your code here def main(): "I'Insert docstring here.'!! pass # insert your code here if _name__ == "__main__": main()