This Pricing Exercise is a combination of a variety of concepts found in the text. Pricing includes many considerations - the 5 Cs of Pricing - Company, Customer, Competition, Channel, Costs.

In addition, certain companies have a particular way in which they approach pricing - some companies are profit oriented, some are competitively oriented, other companies are customer value oriented. But no matter what orientation a company is, a baseline price should be calculated from which a "what if" analysis can be done in terms of what would happen if the price is raised or lowered from that baseline.

This exercise has 3 parts. The Part 1 is a Cost-Based Pricing Model. Businesses have two major cost to be considered - Fixed Cost (FC) which is always expressed as an annual amount, and Variable Cost (VC) which is always expressed as a per unit or per item amount. Fixed Costs do not change no matter how much demand or sales forecasts change. Variable Costs change based on on how many units are forecasted to be demanded or sold.

Therefore: Total Costs = FC + Total VC (VC per unit X # of units demanded or forecasted to sell)

The steps to calculate the correct Selling Price (SP) and the Break Even Quantity (BE) are a three step process, however, we first have to calculate what I am calling a Unit Cost (UC) which is a more representative cost to base our Selling Price on because it is the Variable Cost plus some portion of the Fixed Costs. It should be noted that Unit Cost is not an accounting term - it is a marketing term. Marketers calculate a Unit Cost to base their Selling Price on. Selling Price then is the Unit Cost divided by 1 minus the return (marketers often refer to the Return as a target profit, target margin, or a return). Finally, Break Even is calculated by dividing the Fixed Costs by the Selling Price minus the Variable Costs. The Break Even quantity final answer is always rounded up no matter how small the decimal amount, since we cannot sell a part of a product. The denominator of the BE calculation (SP-VC) is the Contribution per Unit (or Contribution Margin which is an accounting term) or how much each unit or product sold contributes to the bottom line.

1. UC = VC + FC

Sales (Qty)

2. SP = UC

1 Return

3. BE = FC

SP VC

However, marketers rarely only want to know what the Cost-Based Selling Price would be. They want to know how much they REALLY should sell something for depending on what they are trying to do - gain market share quickly with a lower price, or capture more profit and recover investment dollars with a higher price. Of course, the law of Supply & Demand says that if I raise the Selling Price from the Cost-Based Price demand will fall; if I lower the Selling Price from the Cost-Based Price demand will increase. The question is whether the change in demand will effect the overall profitability for the product which is largely based on the elasticity of that particular product. To answer this question requires a "what if" analysis.

Once you complete the three step process as outlined above, you can then do a "what if" by calculating what will happen to overall profitability by changing the selling price up or down, taking into account that the price change will affect the overall demand or forecasted sales, and then completing the table on Part 2 of this exercise. On the table in Part 2, I have given you the potential new selling prices in column one, with the resulting demand or forecasted sales in column three. You should complete the rest of the table and answer all the questions on both Part 1 and Part 2.

Part 3 of this exercise then calculates the Elasticity (EoD) of this particular product, which is the % CHANGE IN DEMAND divided by the % CHANGE IN PRICE. The Elasticity final answer is always expressed as an absolute number. If it is 1 the product is elastic.The mathematical elasticity of the product should confirm why this product acts the way it does and helps to explain the results from the table in Part 2. Relatively inelastic products can usually be pushed to higher prices before it negatively effects profitability. Relatively elastic products can show losses at both a higher price point if demand drops so much that revenue falls, or a lower price point if demand rises so much that variable costs outstrip revenue

You can type your answers into the document itself and then reattach it with your answers. I need to see all your work in order to give you partial credit.

Note: I need help with thi assignment please if anyone can answer this question for me thag would be appreciate it. Also please look at the pictures to answer the question. Thank You!

MAR 200 - Pricing Exercise Part 1 Company Objectives and Pricing Methods Customers judge value by the benefits of what they buy relative to the cost of that item. Pricing decisions are then very critical to delivering value to the customer. Profit Orientation - Cost Base Pricing Variable Cost-$30 per tote Fixed Cost - $4,500 (annually) Whole Market Estimate is 76,000 (see Rochester census data for number of females between the age of 18 and 65) of which I would like to get 10% What would the selling price of the tote be if I wanted to get a 50% target profit. What would the Break Even volume be, i.e., how many would I have to make and sell before I began to make money. Customer Orientation - Value Pricing The cost based pricing gives me a starting point. There are other pricing considerations however. Consumers could use the price of this tote to judge its quality - is it priced appropriately for a custom item? If I change the price what would the effect be on my Break Even Volume? Competitor Orientation - Competitive Pricing What is the competition like for totes and purses of this type - isit oligopolistic, monopolistic, or pure competition? How would this affect how we might set a price. MAR 200 - Pricing Exercise Part 2 Customer Considerations - Elasticity of Demand - The price we calculated in the previous problem, along with the Break Even volume, has been filled in below. If I raise the price of the tote, I assume that the demand will fall; if I lower the price of the tote, I assume the demand will rise. . I would like to know if I will still make a profit at the higher or lower prices, because I know that my variable costs will change depending on the volume. - Calculate the remaining rows and columns in the chart below to see what my total costs and profits will be at each price point. (1) Price (2) Total Revenue (1) X (3) (5) Total Costs* Profit (4)-(5) Unit Expected Demand Unit or Sales Demand Needed to or Sales at Break Given Even Price 6,000 6,800 145 7,600 8,400 9,200 581 $71 $61 SSI $41 Note: Assumes fixed costs of S4,500 and constant unit variable costs of $30 MAR 200 - Pricing Exercise Part 3 We can also calculate the Elasticity of Demand (PE.D) for a product or in other words how sensitive are customers to changes in product pricing. The calculation for Elasticity of Demand is: Elasticity of Demand (TED) - % change in quantity demanded % change in price where % change in quantity demanded - Old Demand - New Demand Old Demand % change in price - Old Price - New Price Old Price and The rule of thumb in judging the Elasticity of Demand is: If PEoD> 1 then Demand is Price Elastic (Demand is sensitive to price changes) IF PEOD 1 then Demand is Price Elastic (Demand is sensitive to price changes) IF PEOD