To determine the relative effectiveness of different study strategies for the SAT, suppose three groups of students are randomly selected: One group took the SAT without any prior studying; the second group took the SAT after studying on their own from a common study booklet available in the bookstore; and the third group took the SAT after completing a paid summer study session from a private test-prep company. The means and standard deviations of the resulting SAT scores from this hypothetical study are summarized below: X Group 1 (no study) 12 1014.1 4.9 Group 2 (personal study) 12 1015.8 5.1 Group 3 (paid preparation) 1023.7 5.7 Since we are comparing more than 2 groups, we will use ANOVA to test whether the data provide evidence that SAT score is related to study strategy. One of the conditions that allows us to use ANOVA safely is that of equal (population) standard deviations. Can we assume that this condition is met in this case? No, since the three sample standard deviations are not all equal. Yes, since 5.7 - 4.9