Traxo Manufacturing Ltd. shares are publicly traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol TRX.TO. The shares currently trade at a price of $2.25 per share. Security analysts that follow the stock have estimated it's beta coefficient to be 0.9. Traxo paid a dividend on its common stock last year that totaled $0.08 per share. Dividends have been growing at a 3.25% compound rate for the past three years and the expectation is that this growth can continue into the foreseeable future.

Traxo Manufacturing Ltd. has an important warehouse capital project to consider. The warehouse project is expected to produce annual cash flows before tax of $290,000 for each of the next twelve years. The warehouse project is thought to be of similar risk to the risk of the firm itself. It will cost Traxo $750,000 this year to get this project up and running.

Traxo has it's long-term bonds trading on public markets. The bonds are currently trading at a premium from their par value of 101.34%. These 6.35% bonds have eleven years left until they mature.

Siri Li, Traxo's manager of finance has collected current data from the firm's underwriters. The riskfree rate is estimated to 1.01%. The expected return on the S&P/TSX Capped Total Return Composite index is forecast to be 7.5% in 2020. New equity capital could be raised by the firm at the current market price, but floatation costs would amount of 5% of the value of the issue. New bonds could be sold into the market, but the floatation cost percentage would be 4%. The firm faces a corporate tax rate of 35%. If the firm goes ahead with the capital project, it will have to seek external financing.

The firm's most recent financial statements are found below:

	Traxo Manufacturing Ltd. Balance Sheet As at December 31, 2019 In $ '000s
Assets:	Liabilities:
Cash 100	Accruals	30
Accounts Receivable 1,220	Accounts Payable	312
Inventories 2,450		____
Total Current Assets 3,770	Total Current Liabilities	342
Gross Fixed Assets 5,000	6.35% bonds (due 2030)	4,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,500	Common stock
	(2 million outstanding)	1,000
Net Fixed Assets 3,500	Retained earnings	1,928
TOTAL ASSETS 7,270	TOTAL CLAIMS	7,270

Required:

1. Estimate the investors required rate of return on Traxos debt. (Use the approximation formula to determine the yield to maturity on outstanding bonds given the current price bonds are trading for in the market). (Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Equation.)
2. What is the after-tax, and after-floatation cost of existing debt? (Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Equation.)
3. Estimate the investors required rate of return (cost of retained earnings) using the constant growth dividend discount model (DDM). (Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Equation.)
4. Estimate the investors required rate of return (cost of retained earnings) using the CAPM.

(Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Equation.)

5. Estimate the cost of external (new) equity capital after floatation costs using the CAPM.

(Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Equation.)

6. Find the Weighted Average Cost of Capital for Traxo using market value weights and assuming the firm uses retained earnings for equity financing. (Use the CAPM approach to estimate the equity investors required rate of return.) (Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Equation.)
7. Find the market value weights of debt and equity in Traxos capital structure. (Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Excel.)
8. Find the Weighted Average Cost of Capital for Traxo assuming the firm must use external equity rather than use retained earnings. (Use market value weights.) (Demonstrate the formula, steps in solution and the result using MS Excel.)
9. Assuming Traxo must use external equity financing, is the proposed project viable? Show your calculations using MS Equation. (You will need to calculate the projects NPV using the firms WACC assuming the use of external equity capital rather than retained earnings.)