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Understanding the IRR and NPV The net present value ( NPV ) and internal rate of return ( IRR ) methods of investment analysis are
Understanding the IRR and NPV
The net present value NPV and internal rate of return IRR methods of investment analysis are interrelated and are sometimes used together to
make capital budgeting decisions.
Consider the case of Blue Hamster Manufacturing Inc.:
Last Tuesday, Blue Hamster Manufacturing Inc. lost a portion of its planning and financial data when both its main and its backup
servers crashed. The company's CFO remembers that the internal rate of return IRR of Project Delta is but he can't recall how
much Blue Hamster originally invested in the project nor the project's net present value NPV However, he found a note that detailed
the annual net cash flows expected to be generated by Project Delta. They are:
Year $
Year $
The CFO has asked you to compute Project Delta's initial investment using the information currently available to you. He has offered the following
suggestions and observations:
A project's IRR represents the return the project would generate when its NPV is zero or the discounted value of its cash inflows
equals the discounted value of its cash outflowswhen the cash flows are discounted using the project's IRR.
The level of risk exhibited by Project Delta is the same as that exhibited by the company's average project, which means that Project
Delta's net cash flows can be discounted using Blue Hamster's WACC.
Given the data and hints, Project Delta's initial investment is
and its NPV is
rounded to the nearest whole dollar
A project's IRR will
if the project's cash inflows increase, and everything else is unaffected.
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