Using a normal distribution with the observed mean and standard deviation to approximate ARKK returns, what is the 95% confidence interval for ARKK and SPY? Ans: The 95% confidence interval is defined by: mean 1.96 For ARKK: 0.000688 1.96 0.023819 = 0.047, 0.000688 1.96 0.023819 = 0.046 the 95% confidence interval is [0.046, 0.047]. For SPY: 0.000485 1.96 0.011647 = 0.0233, 0.000485 1.96 0.011647 = 0.022 the 95% confidence interval is [0.022, 0.0233]. 15. What are the limitations of using this data to inform your future investment decisions? Ans: Sample period may not be long enough, i.e. small sample problem. Sample period may not be representative of the future. For example, ARKK may have a different fund manager