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Using the above example - European crossbills ( Loxia curvirostra ) have the tip of the upper bill either right or left of the lower

Using the above example - European crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) have the tip of the upper bill either right or left of the lower bill, which helps them extract seeds from pinecones. Some have hypothesized that frequency-dependent selection would keep the number of right and left-billed birds at a 1:1 ratio. Groth (1992) observed 1752 right-billed and 1895 left-billed crossbills.
Calculate the expected values for the chi squared analysis (show your workings).

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