Using the financial ratios provided in table 4.1 and following the financial statement information presented for Urban Outfitters, Inc., calculate the following ratios for Urban Outfitters for both 2018 and 2019:

a. Gross profit margin

b. Operating profit margin

c. Net profit margin

d. Times-interest-earned (or coverage) ratio

e. Return on stockholders equity

f. Return on assets

g. Debt-to-equity ratio

h. Days of inventory

i. Inventory turnover ratio

j. Average collection period

Based on these ratios, did Urban Outfitters financial performance improve, weaker, or remain about the same from 2018 to 2019?

Consolidated Income Statements for Urban Outfitters, Inc., 2018-2019 (in thousands, except per share data) 2018 2019 Net sales (total revenue) $3,616,014 $3,950,623 Cost of sales 2,440,507 2,603,911 Selling, general, and administrative 915,615 965,399 Operating income $ 259,892 $ 381,313 Other income (expense) Other expenses (4,840) (6,325) Interest income and other, net 6,314 10,565 Income before income taxes 261,366 385,553 Provision for income taxes 153,103 87.550 Net income $ 108,263 $ 298,003 Basic earnings per share $ 0.97 S 2.75 Diluted earnings per share $ 0.96 $ 2.72 Source: Urban Outfitters, Inc., 2019 Consolidated Balance Sheets for Urban Outfitters, Inc., 2018-2019 (in thousands, except per share data) January 31, January 31, 2018 2019 Assets Current Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 282,220 $ 358,260 Short-term investments 165,125 279,232 Receivables, net 76,962 80,461 Merchandise inventories 351,395 370,507 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 103,055 114,296 Total current assets 978,757 1,202,756 Net property and equipment 813,768 796,029 Deferred income taxes and Other assets 160,255 161,730 Total assets $ 1,952,780 $ 2,160,515 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Current Liabilities Accounts payable $ 128,246 $ 144,414 Accrued salaries and benefits 36,058 54.799 Accrued expenses and Other current liabilities 195.910 187,431 Total current liabilities 360,214 $ 386,644 Long-term debt o 0 Deferred rent and other liabilities 284.773 291,663 Total liabilities 671,417 651,877 Commitments and Contingencies Equity Preferred stock $.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding o 0 11 11 Common stock $.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized: 105,642,283 and 108,248,568 shares issued and outstanding Additional paid-in capital $ 0 $ 684 Retained earnings 1,489,087 1,300,208 Total stockholders' equity 1,489,098 1,300,90 Total Liabilities and Equity $ 2.160,515 $1,952,780 Source: Urban Outfitters, Inc, 2019 10-K, Page 123