- Using the various decision-making process models cited under unit 3. Point out the model that reflects how you decide on which place to go for vacation. Justify your answer.
- Why is it imperative that Tourism & Hospitality Enterprises be up to date with trends in the tourist market?
all all . 1 86% 12:59 K https://drive.google.c... . . . constraints . Exar confidence and travel trade Intermediary, destination service previous tra PDFereldnit 3 Consus Theories pdftime. cost.. . Field 4. Characteristics and features of the service : These also have a bearing on the decision and its outcome. * Examples : cost/value relations, attractions/amenities offered, range of travel opportunities, quality/quantity of travel information, type of arrangement offered. K The Buying Decision Process in Tourism . Felt need or travel desire : A desire to travel is felt and reasons for and against that desire are weighed. . Information & evaluation : Potential tourists utilized travel K intermediaries, brochures and advertisements as well as friends, relatives and experienced travelers, This information is evaluated against both economic and time constraints and factors such as accessibility and alternatives . Travel decision : Stage advancement occurs with destinations, mode of travel, accommodations and activities being selected. Stages of the Buying Behavior of Tourists . Travel preparations & travel equipment : Travel takes place once bookings are made and confirmed, budgets organized, and clothing and equipment are arranged. K . Travel solofaction evaluation : During and after travel the overall evaluated47 ad the results influence su Page 4 decisions. Oall all - 1 86% 12:59 K https://drive.google.c... . . . Tourist Market segmentation PDF Unit 3 Consu ... Theories.pdf graphic segmentation : Grouping of potential tourists is based on their location. K . Demographic segmentation : Grouping is based on the tourists gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, education, income, household size, and family situation. . Product-related : Grouping of tourists is based directly on what they want and need in a particular good or service. K Travel Constraints J Travel Constraints - is a factor that prevents or hinders people from travelling. Some important travel barriers include: *Cost -Time K Health *Weather "Family Stage *Lack of Interest Fear Page 46 / 47 Unit 4 als of Wine Unit 5 tion.pdf O Oall all 1 86% 12:59 K https://drive.google.c... . . . POF Unit 3 Consu ... Theories.pdf Hansal & Eiselt . Hansal & Eiselt (2004) provided a simple explanation of the decision-making process of tourists. This process is divided into two phases which are described as: K . Planning phase - where travelers decide on the basic parameters concerning their trip. Decisions in this phase are made at home, usually over a significant amount of time prior to the trip. . Modification phase - during which details are decided. This phase covers modification made during the trip. Market Segmentation . Market segmentation is similar to tourist typology. It is another way of classifying tourists and understanding > them. . Segmentation is sort of grouping people with the same characteristics such as geographic, demographic, psychographic and product-related characteristics. Tourist Market Segmentation . Geographic segmentation : Grouping of potential tourists is based on their location. K . Demographic segmentation : Grouping is based on the tourists gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, education, income, household size, and family situation. . Product-related : Grouping of tourists is based directly on what they w Page 44 / ar 47 N Oall all- 1 86% 12:59 K https://drive.google.c... . . . PDF Unit 3 Consu ... Theories.pdf K Factors Influencing Decision- Making Process Tourists' Decision-Making Process . Another way of understanding tourists is knowing how they decision-making process would provide tourism business Insights to effective marketing and advertising techniques to effectively reach their target markets. There are a number of frameworks that explained this process. The following discussions show the works of Schmoll, Matheison and Wall, and Hansal and Eiselt. J Schmoll . The Schmoll model emphasizes four successive fields which he believe exert influences on the decision of K tourists (Cooper and Fletcher, 1993) Page 34 / 47 Oall all 1 86% 12:59 https://drive.google.c... . . . PDF Unit 3 Consu ... Theories.pdf Factors Influencing the Decision of Tourist (Schmoll) Field 1. Travel stimuli : These comprise external stimuli that can awaken an individuals desire or need to travel in the form of promotional stimulation, personal and trade recommendations. Examples : advertising and promotion, travel literature, suggestions, reports from other K travelers, travel trade suggestions and recommendations. Field 2. Personal & Social determinants : These determine customer goals in the form of travel desires and expectations and the objective and subjective risks thought to be connected with travel. Examples : Socio-economic status, personality features, social influences and aspirations, attitudes and values, motivations, desires, needs and expectations. (Schmoll) Field 3. External Variables : These involve the prospective travelers confidence in the service provider, destination image, past experience and cost and time constraints. * Examples : confidence and travel trade intermediary, destination service, previous K travel experience, assessment of objectives, subjective risks, constraints in time, cost, etc. . Field 4. Characteristics and features of the service : These also have a bearing on the decision and its outcome. . Examples : cost/value relations, attractions/amenities offered, range of travel opportunities, quality/quantity of travel information, type of arrangement offered. K The Buying Decision Process in Tourism Page 37 / 47 O
