Warren Company plans to open a new repair service center for one of its electronic products. The center requires an investment in depreciable assets costing $472,000. The assets will be depreciated on a straight-line basis, over four years, and have no expected salvage value. The annual income statement for the center is given below.

Revenues	$470,000
Less: Cash operating expenses	(188,000)
Depreciation	(118,000)
Income before income taxes	$164,000
Less: Income taxes (@40%)	65,600
Net income	$98,400

Required:

1. Using the income approach, calculate the after-tax cash flows. $

2. Using the decomposition approach, calculate the after-tax cash flows for each item of the income statement and show that the total is the same as the income approach. Enter cash expenses as negative amounts and noncash expenses as positive amounts.

Revenue (after tax)	$
Cash expenses (after tax)
Depreciation tax savings
Operating cash flow	$

3. What if it is desirable to express the decomposition approach in a spreadsheet format for the four years to facilitate the use of spreadsheet software packages? Express the decomposition approach in a spreadsheet format, with a column for each income item and a total column. Enter the after-tax cash expenses as negative amounts. Enter the after-tax revenues and the tax savings from noncash expenses as positive amounts.

Year	Revenue	Cash operating expenses	Noncash operating expenses	Cash flow
1	$	$	$	$
2
3
4