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Water flows at a mass flow rate of 0.8 kg/s through a pipe of diameter 30 mm fitted with a 15 mm diameter sharp

Water flows at a mass flow rate of 0.8 kg/s through a pipe of diameter 30 mm fitted with a 15 mm diameter sharp edged orifice. There are pressure tappings (a) 60 mm upstream of the orifice, (b) 15 mm downstream of the orifice and (c) 150 mm downstream of the orifice, recording pressure pa, pb and pc respectively. Assuming a contraction coefficient Of 0.68, evaluate (i) the pressure difference (pa - pb) and hence the discharge coefficient. (ii)the pressure difference (pb - pc) and hence the diffuser efficiency. (iii) the net force on the orifice plate.

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