We have seen how pan-African movements and thoughts were articulated and implemented, beginning in the 19^th century, by African Americans such as David Walker, Paul Cuffee, Martin R. Delany, Henry Highland Garnette, Alexander Crummell, W.E.B. DuBois, Marcus Garvey, Stokley Carmichael (Kwame Toure), Malcolm X, Randal Robinson, Malauna Karenga, Molefi K. Asante, Marimba Ani, et al. Their varied pan-Africanist activities and thoughts included controversially colonizing/"civilizing" continental African communities, identifying with/as Africans, lobbying the U.S.A. government on behalf of African and African Diaspora nations, etc. Adeleke's summary of pan-African history in the U.S. is useful, and so is his argument that African peoples' unity, as professed by Afrocentrists, is nave at beast. However, his critique is countered by the following two arguments: the experiences of colonization and slavery have given Africans everywhere good cause to unite in common anti-racist struggle; and that Africans are culturally connected through a history of shared culture, as evinced in linguistic similarities, and even in African descendants' African-influenced cultural forms such as Reggae, Calypso, Rastafari, Hip-hop, Jazz, Capoeira, Queh-queh, Vodun, Santeria, etc. As such, and because Pan-Africanism stems mainly from the African Diaspora where the "lack of ethnicity" (Rhett Jones) may have spurred "commitment to blackness," we will now make the first step toward assessing a specific African Diaspora community its pan-Africanist consciousness, commitment, thoughts, as well as its Africanist characteristics. For this discussion, you will review Dr. Giddings' "My Neck of the African Diaspora" exercise for some directional insight.

Engage ALL related unit resources, including the Giddings' African Diaspora or "My Neck of the Diaspora" PowerPoint; Review "500 Years Later" documentary, and other relevant prior unit folder resources. In paragraph format, at least one paragraph per answer and using specific support details from relevant resources, answer the following questions in a thread you start: