We will produce $47,000$ tons of $99\mathrm{.}5\%$ purity Phthalic Anhydride. I want you to calculate the relative volatility using Antoine coefficients and perform a mass balance calculation from bo FCttom to top. The operating temperature for distillation $2$ is $145$ degrees Celsius, for distillation $1$ it is $150$ degrees Celsius, and both operate at $1$ ATM pressure. The reactor operates at $360$ degrees Celsius and $3$ ATM pressure. We assume that the column efficiencies are $100\%.$ And we are assuming that o$-$xylene is entering the system at a rate of $100$ kmol$/$hour$.$ Making products and inputs whose energy balances will be made and whose metal values or cp values will be found $($to be done for every equipment with heat exchange$).$

Where are pumps used in the system?

Pump and compressor calculation

Where did we use the pump and what source did we use?

Centrifuge or npe interpretation Phthalic anhydride production is done in several steps. For convenience, o$-$xylene and

The air mixture is preheated. In the process, O$-$xylene flow at $25$C and $1$ atm pressure

$(1)1.$It enters the pump. The current fed to the pump is increased to $3$ atm pressure. coming out of the pump

The current at $25$C $(4)$ is heated with water at $250$C in the $1$st Heat Exchanger, reaching $228\mathrm{.}7$C$.$

is raised. Air flow inlet conditions are as follows; Fresh air flow $(2)$ is $25$C and $1$ atm.

The air flow is increased to $3$ atm in the compressor. Current coming out of the compressor $(3),2.$Heat

It is raised to $129$C with water at $170$C in the exchanger. Then this current $(6)1.$Heat

It is mixed with the stream coming out of the exchanger $(5)$ and fed to the reactor.

Phthalic anhydride, by$-$product maleic anhydride and combustion products to be produced in the reactor; It is formed as a result of the oxidation to which oxylene is exposed. Oxidized o$-$xylene feed

and air forms phthalic anhydride. Pure phthalic anhydride at the reactor exit is filled with excess oxygen.

It reacts to form water and carbon dioxide. At the same time, o$-$xylene interacts with oxygen

reacts and releases maleic anhydride as a byproduct, which is a form of maleic anhydride.

Some of it reacts with excess oxygen and forms water and carbon dioxide again.

The hot stream coming out of the reactor $(8)$ is in the gas phase in the $3$rd Heat Exchanger, with $20$C water supply.

It is cooled to $150$C$.$ The cooled stream $(9)$ is given to the condenser. Here H$2$O$,$ O$2,$ N$2$ and CO$2$

are separated. The remaining product $(10)$ containing O$-$xylene, FA$,$ MA is passed through the $2$nd pump and the pressure is increased to $1$ atm.

is dropped. $1.$ Maleic anhydride as the light key $($component$)$ in the distillation column, heavy

Phthalic anhydride was determined as the key $($component$).$ The one with the highest boiling point

phthalic anhydride, from the bottom of the column; o$-$xylene and maleic have the lowest boiling points

Anhydrite is taken from the top of the column. The main product, phthalic anhydride $(13),$ is in crude FA tanks.

is stored. The o$-$xylene and maleic anhydride stream $(12)$ coming to the $2$nd distillation column is boiling.