What could be 4 categories to classify the risks listed in aviation

An aircraft approaches the runway's hold point. They are told to stop at the hold short line, its dark and weather conditions foggy. The hold short line is not clear, because of glaring runway light, and the hold short point is not indicated on the airpor diagram. While they are looking for the hold start line, they do not hear the takeoff clearance given to another aircraft. The aircraft breaches the hold short point. They are not able to stop until they are fully in the middle of the runway. The aircraft takes off just in time and the landing gear strikes the breached aircraft, resulting in costly damage to both aircraft. 1. Explain the threats. 2. Explain the risks. 3. Explain the consequences