What does "Six Sigma" refer to in operations management? A) A statistical measure of process variability B) The number of defects in a product C) The total number of employees in an organization D) A quality improvement methodology E) The time it takes to complete a project

Question 5: Which of the following is a common performance metric in operations management? A) Net Present Value (NPV) B) Return on Investment (ROI) C) Employee turnover rate D) Customer segmentation E) Market share

Question 6: The "Critical Path Method" (CPM) is used primarily for: A) Quality control B) Inventory management C) Project scheduling D) Employee training E) Supplier selection

Question 7: What is the primary goal of Total Quality Management (TQM) in operations management? A) Maximizing profits B) Increasing customer complaints C) Continuously improving product quality D) Reducing employee engagement E) Outsourcing production processes

Question 8: Which of the following statements is true regarding the "Theory of Constraints" (TOC) in operations management? A) It focuses on eliminating all constraints simultaneously B) It aims to reduce the capacity of the entire system C) It identifies bottlenecks and seeks to optimize them D) It disregards the impact of variability on processes E) It is only applicable to service industries

Question 9: The "Pareto Principle" (80/20 rule) suggests that in operations management: A) 80% of defects come from 20% of customers B) 20% of resources generate 80% of the results C) 80% of sales come from 20% of products D) 20% of employees are responsible for 80% of innovations E) 80% of inventory is kept in 20% of warehouses

Question 10: Which of the following is a characteristic of a "Lean" production system? A) High levels of inventory B) Mass production without waste reduction C) Focus on increasing defects D) Quick response to changing customer demands E) Rigid and inflexible production processes

Question 11: The "5S" methodology in operations management aims to: A) Reduce customer satisfaction B) Increase the number of defects C) Improve workplace organization and efficiency D) Eliminate all employees' suggestions for improvement E) Maximize production lead times

Question 12: Which type of layout arranges resources in a line to facilitate a smooth flow of production? A) Process layout B) Product layout C) Fixed-position layout D) Cellular layout E) Functional layout

Question 13: In operations management, the term "bottleneck" refers to: A) A narrow-mouthed container for storing liquids B) A stage in the process that limits the overall capacity C) A type of inventory management system D) A process with excessive resources allocated to it E) A tool used to measure process variability

Question 14: Which of the following is NOT a technique for quality control in operations management? A) Statistical Process Control (SPC) B) Root Cause Analysis (RCA) C) Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) D) Inventory Forecasting E) Control Charts

Question 15: The "FIFO" principle in inventory management stands for: A) First In, First Out B) First In, Last Out C) Fast In, Fast Out D) First In, Fast Out E) First Inventory, First Order

Question 16: Which of the following statements is true about "Business Process Reengineering" (BPR) in operations management? A) BPR focuses on incremental improvements in processes B) BPR aims to maintain the status quo in an organization C) BPR often results in minor changes to workflows D) BPR involves radical redesign and overhaul of processes E) BPR is primarily concerned with resource allocation

Question 17: The "Push" production system is characterized by: A) Producing goods based on actual customer demand B) Reducing lead times to the minimum possible C) Holding large inventories to meet future demands D) Encouraging frequent process changes E) Focusing on pull production from suppliers

Question 18: In operations management, the term "Lead Time" refers to: A) The time required to train employees B) The time taken to develop new products C) The time it takes to complete one production cycle D) The time taken to ship products to customers E) The time spent on marketing activities

Question 19: Which of the following tools is used to analyze the flow of materials and information within a process? A) Gantt Chart B) SWOT Analysis C) Ishikawa Diagram (Fishbone Diagram) D) Value Stream Mapping (VSM) E) Break-Even Analysis

Question 20: The "Economies of Scale" principle suggests that as production volume increases: A) Average fixed costs decrease B) Variable costs increase linearly C) Profit margins decrease D) Employee turnover decreases E) Quality control becomes less important

Question 21: Which of the following is a risk associated with single sourcing in supply chain management? A) Increased competition among suppliers B) Reduced dependence on a single supplier C) Higher overall supply chain costs D) Enhanced supply chain flexibility E) Faster response to changing market demands

Question 22: The "Total Productive Maintenance" (TPM) approach in operations management aims to: A) Maximize equipment downtime B) Increase the number of breakdowns C) Improve overall equipment effectiveness D) Reduce employee engagement E) Optimize inventory levels

Question 23: In operations management, the "Little's Law" relates: A) Employee productivity to training time B) Inventory turnover to carrying costs C) Lead time to production capacity D) Process efficiency to customer satisfaction E) Inventory, throughput, and flow time in a system

Question 24: Which of the following is a key objective of Supply Chain Management (SCM)? A) Increasing production costs B) Reducing supply chain visibility C) Maximizing inventory holding costs D) Enhancing coordination between suppliers and customers E) Focusing on local rather than global markets

Question 25: What is the primary purpose of a "Pareto Chart" in operations management? A) Displaying inventory levels over time B) Tracking production defects on

a weekly basis C) Identifying the most significant factors contributing to a problem D) Visualizing the distribution of employee training hours E) Comparing different suppliers' delivery times

Question 26: The term "Total Quality Control" (TQC) is often used interchangeably with: A) Six Sigma B) Just-In-Time (JIT) C) Quality Assurance (QA) D) Inventory Management E) Value Stream Mapping (VSM)

Question 27: Which of the following is a technique used for demand forecasting in operations management? A) Root Cause Analysis (RCA) B) Statistical Process Control (SPC) C) Break-Even Analysis D) Linear Programming E) Delphi Method

Question 28: What is the main purpose of "Capacity Planning" in operations management? A) Minimizing employee training costs B) Increasing production lead times C) Reducing machine downtime D) Aligning production capacity with demand E) Enhancing employee motivation

Question 29: In operations management, the "Theory of Inventive Problem Solving" is commonly known as: A) Lean Thinking B) SWOT Analysis C) Kaizen D) TRIZ E) TQM

Question 30: Which of the following is a characteristic of a "Pull" production system? A) Large inventories to meet future demand B) Producing goods based on actual customer demand C) Minimal collaboration with suppliers D) Reactive approach to production planning E) Long production lead times

Question 31: The "Service Blueprint" technique is primarily used for: A) Quality control in manufacturing processes B) Identifying critical success factors C) Mapping customer experiences and service processes D) Measuring financial performance E) Inventory management in the service industry

Question 32: Which of the following statements is true about "Statistical Quality Control" (SQC)? A) SQC is only applicable to small businesses B) SQC is primarily concerned with managing human resources C) SQC focuses on using statistical techniques to monitor and control processes D) SQC is not relevant for improving product quality E) SQC ignores the impact of variability on processes

Question 33: The "Aggregate Planning" process in operations management involves: A) Identifying and eliminating waste in processes B) Determining the optimal mix of products and services C) Forecasting long-term market demand D) Managing cash flow for the organization E) Matching production and workforce capacity with demand

Question 34: Which of the following is a key component of the "5 Whys" technique in operations management? A) The use of advanced statistical methods B) Conducting market research to identify customer needs C) Analyzing the profitability of products D) Identifying the root cause of a problem by asking "why" multiple times E) Benchmarking against competitors

Question 35: In operations management, the term "Quality Function Deployment" (QFD) is associated with: A) Inventory forecasting techniques B) Assessing employee performance C) Aligning products and services with customer needs D) Supply chain risk management E) Controlling production costs

Question 36: Which of the following is a primary goal of "Supply Chain Sustainability" in operations management? A) Maximizing resource consumption B) Focusing solely on short-term financial gains C) Minimizing waste and environmental impact D) Increasing dependency on a single supplier E) Ignoring social and ethical considerations

Question 37: The "Andon" system in operations management is used for: A) Inventory management B) Demand forecasting C) Employee training D) Identifying defects in production processes E) Financial analysis

Question 38: Which of the following is a common constraint in operations management? A) Excessive inventory levels B) Minimal focus on process improvement C) High employee turnover D) Lack of automation in production processes E) High levels of customer satisfaction

Question 39: The "Product Life Cycle" in operations management refers to: A) The time it takes to develop a new product B) The time from production to customer delivery C) The stages a product goes through from introduction to decline D) The total number of products a company manufactures E) The time it takes to achieve a return on investment for a product

Question 40: Which of the following is a technique used to balance production lines in operations management? A) Value Stream Mapping (VSM) B) Break-Even Analysis C) Capacity Planning D) Load Leveling E) Kaizen

Question 41: In operations management, "Quality Assurance" (QA) refers to: A) Inspecting and sorting finished products B) Identifying and eliminating the root causes of defects C) The process of meeting customer expectations consistently D) The number of employees trained each year E) Holding large inventories to ensure customer demand is met

Question 42: Which of the following is an essential consideration in location decisions for manufacturing facilities? A) Close proximity to competitors B) High labor turnover in the region C) Access to a skilled workforce D) Presence of a single supplier E) Low demand in the area

Question 43: The "Balanced Scorecard" in operations management is a tool used to: A) Evaluate employee performance B) Measure financial performance only C) Align business activities with the organization's vision and strategy D) Focus solely on internal business processes E) Track inventory levels

Question 44: Which of the following is a technique used for layout planning in operations management? A) ABC Analysis B) SWOT Analysis C) Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) D) Assembly Line Balancing E) Value Stream Mapping (VSM)

Question 45: In operations management, the "Bullwhip Effect" refers to: A) The sudden increase in demand for a product B) The loss of inventory during transportation C) The impact of natural disasters on production facilities D) The distortion of demand information as it moves up the supply chain E) The implementation of strict inventory control measures

Question 46: Which of the following is a primary goal of "Total Productive Maintenance" (TPM) in operations management? A) Maximizing equipment downtime B) Increasing the number of breakdowns C) Reducing overall equipment effectiveness D) Improving equipment reliability and availability E) Minimizing employee engagement

Question 47: The "Kanban" system in operations management is used for: A) Inventory management and production control B) Employee recruitment and training C) Financial analysis and budgeting D) Quality control and inspection E) Demand forecasting

Question 48: Which of the following is a key aspect of "Sustainable Operations" in operations management? A) Maximizing resource consumption B) Ignoring environmental and social impacts C) Minimizing employee well-being and satisfaction D) Focusing solely on short-term financial gains E) Balancing economic, social, and environmental goals

Question 49: In operations management, "Forecasting" involves: A) Reducing production capacity to match demand B) Determining the optimal mix of products and services C) Estimating future demand for goods and services D) Implementing Lean production systems E) Controlling

the flow of materials within a process

Question 50: Which of the following is a technique used for process improvement in operations management? A) SWOT Analysis B) Break-Even Analysis C) Six Sigma D) Marketing segmentation E) Cost of goods sold (COGS) estimation