What fundamental theories form the theoretical framework of chemical engineering, and how do they influence the design, operation, and optimization of industrial processes? Exploring concepts from thermodynamics, kinetics, transport phenomena, and reactor design, chemical engineers analyze and manipulate the behavior of materials and reactions at molecular and macroscopic scales. These theories enable the prediction of process performance, optimization of operating conditions, and development of novel technologies for diverse applications, from pharmaceutical manufacturing to energy production. How do these foundational theories facilitate the advancement of chemical engineering practices, fostering innovation and sustainability in the development of industrial processes and products?