What if Evaluate the impact of international taxation on multinational corporations $($MNCs$).$ Explain the key concepts of international taxation, including transfer pricing, tax treaties, and permanent establishment. Discuss the challenges MNCs face in managing tax compliance across multiple jurisdictions, including differences in tax rates, regulations, and reporting requirements. Provide examples of how transfer pricing policies are used to allocate income and expenses among different subsidiaries to optimize tax liability. Analyze the role of regulatory frameworks and initiatives, such as the OECD's Base Erosion and Profit Shifting $($BEPS$)$ project, in addressing tax avoidance and ensuring fair taxation of MNCs$.$ Discuss the potential risks and benefits of international tax planning for MNCs$,$ including the impact on cash flow, financial reporting, and corporate reputation. How do changes in international tax laws and regulations influence MNCs$\text{'}$ tax strategies and financial decisions? $10$ points.