What is an MNE? What is the CAGE Concept? What are some of the motivations for expanding abroad? What is multinational flexibility? What are the three conflicting environmental forces that MNEs encounter? What is the difference between a national, international, multinational, and transnational industry? What is scaling? What are the types of scaling? What are some risks? What are the motivations and current progress of the UN SDGs? What is: centralized hub, integrated networks, decentralized federation, coordinated federation? What do they mean? A global industry is characterized by low national responsiveness and high global integration. In the global context, global integration lowers the cost of inputs and local responsiveness increases the value of outputs. Successful cross-border innovation and learning is driven by three key capabilities: Sensing (S) Responding (R) Implementing (I)