What is

• principal threats to the operating system and the control techniques used to minimize the possibility of actual exposures.
• the principal risks associated with commerce conducted over intranets and the Internet and understand the control techniques used to reduce these risks.
• the risks associated with personal computing systems.
• exposures that arise in connection with electronic data interchange (EDI) and understand how these exposures can be reduced. 
• the operational problems inherent in the flat-file approach to data management that gave rise to the database approach.
• the operational features and associated risks of deploying centralized, partitioned, and replicated database models in the DDP environment.
• the audit objectives and procedures used to test data management controls.