What is the concept of routing and the purpose of a routing table in the routing process?

what is the answer here?

$1.$Routing is the process of encrypting and decrypting data packets for secure transmission and the routing table is used to store encryption keys.

$2.$ Routing is the process of transferring data between devices in a network and the routing table is used to store MAC addresses for efficient packet forwarding.

$3.$ Routing is the process of segmenting network traffic into different virtual LANs $($VLANs$)$ and the routing table is used to map VLAN IDs to physical switch ports.

$4.$ routing is the process of determining the optimal path for data packets to reach their destinations and the routing table is used to store network addresses and associated next hop information.