What is the cycle time of the above lap-top?

a. 1/5005 sec

b. 1/ (2 * 10⁹) sec

c. 1/8 sec

d. 1/7.71 sec

2. The RAM size of the above computer is 8 GHz. If byte-addresing is used, how many bits are required to address the entire RAM? [hint: 1 GB is equal to 2³⁰ bytes = 1073741824 bytes]

a. 33-bits, because 8 GB = 2³ GB = 2³ * 2³⁰ bytes = 2³³ bytes

b. 72-bits, because 8 GB = 8 * 10⁹ GB, and 9 * 8 = 72

c. 32-bits, because this is the word size of the computer

d. 5505-bits, because it is given in the specification

Which of the following will affect the CPU time of a program?

a. Algorithm of the program & Efficiency of the compiler

b. ISA of the computer

c. Architecture of the 8 GB = 2³ GB = 2³ * 2³⁰ bytes = 2³³ bytes computer

d. All of the above

4. Which of the following is the best metric to compare the performance of a program in two computers with different ISAs?

a. Clock Rate

b. CPI

c. MIPS (where IPS = Clock Rate / CPI)

d. Execution time (= Number of ML instructions * (1 / IPS))

Consider the following Narrative:

There are two machines, M1 and M2 with different ISAs. Three classes of instructions A, B, and C are included in both instruction sets. M1 has a clock rate of 2.25 GHz and M2 has a clock rate of 3 GHz. The number of cycles required for each instruction class in each machines are given below. A typical program is compiled (by similar compilers) into 1 million and 1.2 million instructions in M1 and M2 respectively. The frequencies of instructions in each instruction class in each machine are also given below.

Instruction Class	Machine M1		Machine M2
	Cycles/Instructions	Frequency	Cycles/Instructions	Frequency
A	1	60%	1	50%
B	2	30%	3	30%
C	3	10%	3	20%
CLOCK RATE	2.25 GHZ		3 GHZ
# of ML Instructions	1 billion		2 billion
Average CPI
MIPS
Execution Time

5. For this program, what is the average CPI for each machine, M1, and M2?

a. 15 and 20 cycles/instruction

b. 1.5 and 2.0 cycles/instruction

c. 2.25 and 3 cycles/instruction

d. Cannot be calculated

6. What is the ratio of the MIPS of M1 to that of M2?

a. 1.5 : 2

b. 1 : 1

c. 1 : 1.2

d. cannot be determined

7. What is the ratio of execution time in M1 to that of M2? Which machine is better?

a. 2 : 1, M1 is better

b. 2 : 1, M2 is better

c. 1 : 2, M1 is better

d. 1 : 2, M2 is better

8. 11_b + 10_b = 11₁₀, what is b?

a. 5

b. 7

c. 9

d. 0