What is the major intracellular cation?

a.Potassium

b.Calcium

c.Magnesium

d.Sodium

2.What is the major extracellular cation?

a.Sodium

b.Chloride

c.Magnesium

d.Calcium

3.Osmolality can be defined as a measure of the concentration of a solution

based on the

a.Number of dissolved particles

b.Number of ionic particles present

c.Number and size of the dissolved particles

d.Density of the dissolved particles

4.Hyponatremia may be caused by each of the following EXCEPT

a.Hypomagnesemia

b.Aldosterone deficiency

c.Prolonged vomiting or diarrhea

d.Acute or chronic renal failure

5.Hypokalemia may be caused by each of the following EXCEPT

a.Acidosis

b.Prolonged vomiting or diarrhea

c.Hypomagnesemia

d.Hyperaldosteronism

6.Hyperkalemia may be caused by each of the following EXCEPT

a.Alkalosis

b.Acute or chronic renal failure

c.Hypoaldosteronism

d.Sample hemolysis

7.The main difference between a direct and indirect ISE is

a.Sample is diluted in the indirect method not in the direct method

b.The type of membrane that is used

c.Direct ISEs use a reference electrode, whereas indirect ISEs do not

d.Whole blood samples can be measured with the direct method and not with the indirect method

8.Which method of analysis will provide the most accurate electrolyte results if

a grossly lipemic sample is used?

a.Direct ISE

b.Indirect ISE

c.Flame emission photometry

d.Atomic absorption

9.The most frequent cause of hypermagnesemia is due to

a.Renal failure

b.Increased intake of magnesium

c.Hypoaldosteronism

d.Acidosis

10.A hemolyzed sample will cause falsely increased levels of each of the

following EXCEPT

a.Sodium

b.Potassium

c.Phosphate

d.Magnesium