What is the name of the original legislation, with its subsequent amendments, that currently guides most emergency management activity, assistance, and authority in the United States, particularly FEMA?

a$)$ Disaster Relief Act $1974$

b$)$ Sandy Recovery Act $2012$

c$)$ Disaster Relief Act $1950$

d$)$ Reorganization Plan #$3$ in $1978$

e$)$ Stafford Act $1988$