What is the probable effect of each of the following on the exchange rate of a country, other things being equal?

• The quantity of oil imports is greatly decreased, but the value of imported oil is higher due to price increases.
• The country's inflation rate falls well below that of its trading partners.
• Rising labor costs of the country's manufacturers lead to a worsening ability to compete in world markets.
• The government greatly expands its gifts of food and machinery to developing countries.
• A major boom occurs with rising employment.
• The central bank raises interest rates sharply.
• More domestic oil is discovered and developed.

Which of these two would have the greatest impact on the exchange rate and why?

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