When the plaintiff has established a prima facie case of age discrimination, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act $($ADEA$)$ provides some specific exemptions, such as:$$

a$.$

$$actions pursuant to a bona fide seniority system.

b$.$

$$action pursuant to monetary benefits.

c$.$

$$immunity from suits by private individual.

d$.$

$$employers$$ right to use their discretion in firing or hiring employees.