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When you urinate, you increase pressure in your bladder to produce the flow. For an elephant, gravity does the work. An elephant urinates at

 

 



When you urinate, you increase pressure in your bladder to produce the flow. For an elephant, gravity does the work. An elephant urinates at a remarkable rate of 0.0060 m (a bit over a gallon and a half) per second. Assume that the urine exits 1.0 m below the bladder and passes through the urethra, which we can model as a tube of diameter 8.0 cm and length 1.2 m. Assume that urine has the same density as water, and that viscosity can be ignored for this flow. If we assume that the liquid is at rest in the bladder (a reasonable assumption) and that the pressure where the urine exits is equal to atmospheric pressure, what does Bernoulli's equation give for the gauge pressure in the bladder?

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