Which does not explain electrical conduction? a. The larger the energy gap between the bands, the greater the magnitude of conduction. b. The magnitude of conductivity is determined by the spacing between energy bands c. It follows electronic structure and nature of bonding d. It is the result of the motion of charge carriers within the material QUESTION 2 The following are sensor-element of a biosensor. Select the exception: a. electric current b. temperature c. electric potential d. none of the above The fundamental requirements of any bioelectronic system are: I. Coupling and communication between the biomolecule and electronic support II. Semi-permeable membrane between the biomolecule and the electronic support. III. Radioactive dyes IV. Mico to Nano-scale bioelectronic systems a. I and III b. I only c. I and IV d. I and II QUESTION 4 The following are classified as Electrochemical biosensors, select the exception a. Amperometric sensor b. Ion-selective Biosensor c. Potentiometric Biosensor d. Conductimetric sensor Which does not describe a biomaterial? a. Used to make devices to replace a part of a function of the body in a safe, reliable, economic and physiologically acceptable manner b. Any substance natural or synthetic, that treats, augment or replaces any tissue, organ and body function c. Stems from inability to treat may diseases, injuries and condition with other therapies or procedures d. Non-drug substance e. A viable material used in a medical device, intended to interact with biological system QUESTION 6 Why is it important to set the voltage for FSC and SSC before sorting cells? To ensure that the system detects all the cells in the sorting process To ensure that only big cells are detected To set the fluorescence threshold To sort cells depending on complexity QUESTION 7 What is the purpose of the optical system? To excite the sample and collect the light signals emission To transform light signals into electronic data To add an electric charge to the sample To make sure cells are aligned in the stream What kind of cellular properties can be used to sort a population of cells using FACS? All of the choices Determine cell cycle phase Determine the density of a specific membrane protein Determine the presence/absence of specific enzymes QUESTION 9 How can you measure the cell size in FACS? Using SSC values Using fluorescence values Using ratio FSC/SSC Using FSC values QUESTION 10 How should be the fluorescence signal in the positive control? Very high, there should be a peak on the right side of the x-axis Higher than the negative control, but there shouldn't be too much difference There should be a wide peak covering all the x-axis The same as in the negative control This tpe of wave denotes learning and intense brain activity beta wave alpha wave gamma wave delta wave QUESTION 12 where does the signal originate in EEG? none of the above the actions of the brain and blood vessels The brain due to neuronal activity nuclear spins QUESTION 13 an electrical potential recorded from a human or animal following presentation of a stimulus alpha waves evoked potential action potential electroencephalogram QUESTION 14 an EEG is a type of evoked potential True False A methodology to manipulate devices and computers to work based on thoughts and the signals thereby generated in the brain EEG Brain-computer Interface PET scan MRI QUESTION 16 Which of the following is not a recognized performance measure of a BCl device? reliability robustness accuracy portability QUESTION 17 This type of EEG signal is observed during rest and meditation delta waves alpha waves gamma waves beta waves In reality, the defibrillator stops the heart True False QUESTION 25 Cardiac muscle tissue none of the choices are striated, long, with multiple nuclei are striated, squat, branched out and interconnected with one or two nuclei are non-striated, squat, branched out and interconnected with one or two nuclei QUESTION 26 A negative deflection in the ECG reading is caused by more positive ions on the outside of the membrane near the negative electrode more positive ions on the outside of the membrane near the positive electrode more negative ions on the inside of the membrane near the positive electrode more negative ions on the outside of the membrane near the negative electrode Note that the concentration gradients will cause Na+ sodium and Cl-chloride to moveinto the neuron if there is a path for this to occur, and will cause K+ potassium to move out of thecell. What will be the effect on membrane potential if Na+ sodium ions move into the cell? Na+ will bring the membrane potential to 0 (neutral) Na+ will make the inside of the cell more negative (hyperpolarizing) The membrane potential won't be significantly affected (non-polarizing) Na+ entry will make the inside of the cell more positive (depolarizing) QUESTION 19 What will be the effect on membrane potential if Cl-chloride ions move into the cell? Cl- will bring the membrane potential to 0 (neutral) The membrane potential won't be significantly affected (non-polarizing) Cl- entry will make the inside of the cell more positive (depolarizing) Cl- entry will make the inside of the cell more negative (hyperpolarizing) QUESTION 20 What will be the effect on the membrane potential if K+ potassium ions move outof the cell? K+ will make the inside of the cell more positive (depolarizing). K+ leaving will make the inside of the cell more negative (hyperpolarizing) The membrane potential won't be significantly affected (non-polarizing) K+ will bring the membrane potential to 0 (neutral) Which of the following statements about Doppler is true? Tissue Doppler is used when measuring the blood flow over the aorta Pulsed Doppler is used to measure blood flow in a certain area of interest Pulsed Doppler is used when one wants to measure blood flow with high velocity With Continuous Doppler you can only measure low blood flow velocities QUESTION 28 How does the echocardiography transducer work? The transducer produces sound waves that bounce off your heart and back to the transducer. These waves are converted into images viewed on a video monitor. The transducer produces X-rays that are detected and converted into images viewed on a video monitor. The transducer detects the subtle electrical current the heart produces when it beats The transducer produces microwaves that bounce off your heart and back to the transducer. These waves are converted into images viewed on a video monitor. QUESTION 29 All of the following statements are true EXCEPT it is important that the Doppler handheld cursor/transducer is perpendicular to the blood flow. The ultrasound gel helps ultrasound waves travel from the transducer to the skin with less reflection, which happens between 2 different media, like air and the skin. Doppler is angle-dependent estimate of ventricular function. Which of the following things are important to think about when using Doppler? Doppler is very dependent on the gain setting in the 2D image When measuring with pulsed Doppler, flow velocity can be measured anywhere along thecursor Doppler is angle-dependent and it is therefore important that the cursor is parallel to theblood flow Doppler is angle dependent and it is therefore important that the cursor is vertical to the bloodflow