Which factor$($s$)$ affect a bond rating?

a$.$ Likelihood of default

b$.$ Seniority of the bond

c$.$ The value of the collateral backing the bonds

d$.$ The liquidity of the collateral backing the bonds

e$.$ All the above

A company has $8$ percent coupon bonds on the market with eight years left until maturity. The bonds make semi$-$annual payments and have a par value of $$1,000.$ If the bond currently sells for $$987\mathrm{.}24,$ what is the yield to maturity?

a$.4\mathrm{.}28\%$

b$.7\mathrm{.}10\%$

c$.8\%$

$($d$)8\mathrm{.}22\%$

e$.5\%$