Which of the following financial ratios measures a company's ability to pay its short-term debts using its current assets? a) Debt-to-equity ratio b) Current ratio c) Return on equity (ROE) d) Gross profit margin

What is the term for a situation where a single company dominates a particular industry or market? a) Oligopoly b) Monopoly c) Cartel d) Monopolistic competition

What type of marketing strategy involves tailoring products and marketing efforts to meet the specific needs and preferences of individual customers? a) Mass marketing b) Niche marketing c) Relationship marketing d) Guerrilla marketing

Which financial statement provides information about a company's cash inflows and outflows over a specific period? a) Balance sheet b) Income statement c) Statement of cash flows d) Statement of retained earnings

What is the term for a situation in which a business spends more money than it generates in revenue, resulting in financial losses? a) Profitability b) Solvency c) Liquidity d) Insolvency

Which of the following is not a component of the marketing mix (4Ps)? a) Price b) Place c) Promotion d) Profit

What is the term for the process of acquiring, retaining, and developing talent within an organization? a) Human resource management b) Recruitment c) Employee engagement d) Performance appraisal

Which business model involves providing a product or service for free but charging for premium features or content? a) Freemium b) Subscription c) Pay-per-use d) Franchise

What is the term for a legal entity that is separate from its owners and provides limited liability protection? a) Partnership b) Sole proprietorship c) Corporation d) Cooperative

In finance, what does the acronym "ROI" stand for? a) Return on investment b) Return on assets c) Return on equity d) Rate of inflation

Which type of innovation involves making incremental improvements to an existing product or service? a) Radical innovation b) Disruptive innovation c) Sustaining innovation d) Blue ocean innovation

What is the term for the process of identifying and managing potential risks that could impact a business? a) Risk assessment b) Risk mitigation c) Risk analysis d) Risk avoidance

Which of the following is a key element of effective project management? a) Scope creep b) Delayed deadlines c) Clear communication d) Inadequate budget

What is the term for the overall set of beliefs, values, and norms that shape an organization's culture? a) Organizational behavior b) Corporate governance c) Organizational culture d) Human resource management

What is the term for the process of systematically gathering, analyzing, and interpreting information about competitors? a) Competitive analysis b) Market research c) SWOT analysis d) Marketing mix

Which of the following is a characteristic of a command economy? a) Private ownership of businesses b) Centralized government planning c) Market competition d) Limited government intervention