Which of the following ideas are mentioned in the Satoshi Nakamoto Bitcoin white paper?

$1.$ It described a method of hash$-$based proof of work to prevent double spending of crypto.

$2.$ The notion of decentralization as a counterpoint to the challenges of financial institutions.

$3.$ A universal decentralized operating system on which Smart Contracts can be deployed.

$4.$ All of the above.

$5.$ Only $1$ and $3$

$6.$ Only $1$ and $2$

Which of the following are charactistics of Ethereum?

$1.$ It uses proof of work consensus mechanism for validating new blocks.

$2.$ It is considered to be programmable and enables decentralized finance applications.

$3.$ Along with Ether, enables numerous other cryptocurrency tokens like Tether.

$4.$ All of the above.

$5.$ Only $1$ and $2$

$6.$ Only $2$ and $3$

Proof of Stake consumes less energy than Proof of Work.

True

False

On the Bitcoin blockchain it is possible to see the person's name, and public key but not their private key.

True

False

Which one of the following is NOT associated with blockchain hashing in Proof of Work?

$1.$ Validators can lose cryptocurrency if they are sloppy about recording blocks to the blockchain.

$2.$ Mining involves finding the correct nonce that results in a hash that meets protocol requirements.

$3.$ A blocks hash function is broken if any data in the block is changed after it was successfully mined.

$4.$ Hashing a block on the Bitcoin blockchain takes approximately $10$ minutes to complete.

Which one of the following is NOT associated with block validation in proof$-$of$-$stake?

$1.$ It is often thought of as a 'lucky draw' where the winner records the block and receives a transaction fee for their effort.

$2.$ It requires sharing one's private key with the network in order to be eligible to participate in staking.

$3.$ To be eligible to validate one must put up a certain amount of cryptocurrency, in the case of Ethereum blockchain $32$ Eth are necessary. Since this is a large amount, smaller investors can participate via staking pools.

$4.$ Slashing is a penalty on bad behavior, where some or all of the staked cryptocurrency can be lost by offending validators.