Which of the following items are not included when determining income from operations? General and administrative expenses Sales revenue Research and development expenses Taxes 2 Which ratio would you use to determine the profitability of the goods sold by a company? Gross profit margin Operating margin Tax ratio Net profit margin 3 When performing a vertical analysis which income staterment item do you use to determine the cost contribution for each expense category? (What is the denominator?) Operating expenses sales Gross profit Net income Horizontal analysis allows us to analyze performance over: Profitability Time Expense category 5 When calculating the quick ratio or "acid test" which current asset or liability is omitted? Accounts payables Inventory Cash Accounts receivable