Which of the following observations concerning international loan cross-default provisions is NOT true?

a.

They protect strong lenders in any loan default by guaranteeing the repayment of such defaulted loans.

b.

They make the outcome of any individual loan default decision potentially very costly for the borrower.

c.

They prevent a country from selecting a group of weak lenders for special default treatment.

d.

They ensure that if a country defaults on just one of its loans, all its other outstanding loans would automatically be put into default as well.

e.

They make the loan rescheduling as the potential action by the borrowers instead of considering the outright cancellation of the loan.