Which of the following situations would always lead to a disclaimer of opinion, except in certain cases, where possibly a qualified opinion would be appropriate?

a) The client management refuses to sign a representation letter at the end of the audit engagement.

b) The client asks that the auditor not review the work papers of the predecessor auditor.

c) The auditor is hired on January 6, Year Two for a Year One audit.

d) The auditor tells the client about a material internal control problem, but the matter is not immediately remedied by the client