which of the following statements is true?

$1.$ purchaing shares of stock grants the buyer a proportinal ownership interest in the firm.

$2.$ payments to debtholders, i$.$e$,$ interest payments, decrease the firm tax liability because they reduce the firm's taxable income.

$3.$ payments to shareholders, i$.$e$.,$ dividend payments, have no effect on on taxes because dividends are derived from net income, which is calculated after the firm has satisified its tax liability

$4.$ generally, bondholders recive low$-$risk, constant, and known annual interst payment and principal

$5.$ excessive levels of debt can lead to financial distress or even bankruptcy