Which of the following statements is true of corporations in 2021?

a.Income of all corporations is taxed in the same way that income of partnerships is taxed.

b.A corporation's charitable contribution deduction is limited to 10 percent of the corporation's taxable income.

c.If a corporation has a long-term capital loss that is carried back, it is treated as a short-term capital loss.

d.A corporation may deduct organizational expenditures as they are incurred.

e. Capital losses of a corporation may be deducted from ordinary income, subject to an annual limitation.