Which of the following steps in planning increases the scope of adaptability of a plan?

	Maintaining flexibility in planning
	Developing commitment to goals
	Developing long-term action plans
	Tracking progress toward goal achievement

Management by objectives is a management technique often used by middle managers to develop and carry out operational plans.

	True
	False

Carolyn, a designer at Logisign, was not given the promotion she was expecting during the annual performance appraisal. She took this personally and got into an argument with her supervisor. In this scenario, the disagreements between Carolyn and her supervisor can best be classified as _____ conflict.

	a-type
	cognitive
	c-type
	constructive

According to your textbook, research suggests the nominal group technique typically produces better decisions than the devil's advocacy and dialectical inquiry approaches.

	True
	False

Daniel has started a small shoe manufacturing company. He has a tight budget and does not want the best equipment at the moment, so he is using equipment that is good enough to work with. In this scenario, Daniel is _____.

	maximizing
	discounting
	specializing
	satisficing