Which of the following takes place during the first phase of the $3-$x$-3$ writing process?

Which of the following takes place during the first phase of the $3-$x$-3$ writing process?

Gathering any needed information through formal or informal research techniques.

Editing to make sure the message is clear, conversational, concise, and readable.

Writing the rough draft.

Analyzing the audience and your purpose for writing.