Which statement below best describes how the lack of PPE at the beginning of the COVID$-19$ crisis was a bottleneck for the Cleveland Clinic?

Because the Cleveland Clinic did not previously use the Theory of Constraints to manage inventory levels, they had a surplus of PPE that they were able to use to prevent bottlenecks from occurring.

The lack of PPE resulted in a decrease in throughput, causing the hospital to experience a reduction of cash flows.

Because the Cleveland Clinic was able to come up with work$-$around solutions, the lack of traditionally$-$sourced PPE did not end up being a bottleneck for the clinic.

The Cleveland Clinic was constrained in the number of patients it could admit by the amount of PPE it was able to source.