While walking down a city street, Jennie hears a loud noise, which startles Jennie, causing her to trip and injure her wrist. The loud noise was caused by a bridge that had collapsed three blocks away. The collapse was due to a construction company's negligent design of the bridge. If Jennie sues the construction company for her wrist injury. Jennie likely will not win because: There is no proximate cause. There is no but-for cause Jennie has no contractual relationship with the construction company. Comparative fault apples