Why do most firms consider test marketing essential for new products? which of these is correct?

$-$the ability of test marketing to evaluate consumer preference for a new product prior to developing a prototype.

$-$the speed, safeness, and reliability of test marketing is higher than that of simulated market testing.

$-$test marketing helps companies to order product materials, start production and build inventories.

$-$the high price of failure simply prohibits the widespread introduction of new products without testing.