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Final Exam Chapter 5 2. The total cost (TC) of an item is calculated as TC = F + VX, where F is the a. fixed cost during the period. b. full cost during the period. c. final costs during the period. d. finite cost during the period. 5.If revenues are $20 per unit, variable costs are $10 per unit, and fixed costs are $150, what is the operating profit when 100 units are sold? a. $ 850 b. $ 1,740 c. ($16,000) d. ($ 140) 13.Total costs that vary with activity levels in the short run are known as: a. fixed costs. b. variable costs. c. sunk costs. d. opportunity costs. 24. Research, development, and advertising to generate new business are examples of which of the following costs? a. discretionary costs. b. committed costs. c. required costs d. Both b. and c. are correct Carson Company's market for the Model A has changed significantly, and Carson has had to drop the price per unit from $265 to $125. There are some units in the work in process inventory that have costs of $150 per unit associated with them. Carson could sell these units in their current state for $100 each. It will cost Carson $10 per unit to complete these units so that they can be sold for $125 each. 84. Based on the information about Carson, which of the following is not considered a relevant value for this problem? a. $10 = cost to complete units b. $125 = current price c. $265 = former price d. $100 = price for partially completed units 85. When the incremental revenues and expenses are analyzed, the company is better off by: a. $25 per unit if they sell the units in their current state. b. $15 per unit if they complete the units. c. $10 per unit if the sell the units in their current state. d. $125 per unit if they complete the units. Chapter 6 6. Which statement is true concerning the cost-volume-profit (CVP) model? a. The CVP model can be used to determine a desired selling price. b. The CVP model can be used to determine a new break-even point when fixed costs increase. c. The CVP model can be used to determine a new break-even point when variable costs decrease. d. All of the answers are correct. 13.If a company has variable costs of $40 per unit, fixed costs of $3,000 per month and sells its product for $50, how many units must it sell to break-even? a. 300 b. 250 c. 100 d. 50 15. A company currently breaks even at 1,000 units. Its fixed costs are $40,000 and its variable costs are $10 per unit. What is the product's selling price per unit? a. $100 b. $ 50 c. $ 35 d. $ 25 17. A company produces two products, A and B. A sells for $16 and has variable costs of $10. B sells for $12 and has variable costs of $8. Fixed Costs for the period are $35,000. An equal number of A and B units are sold. At the break-even volume, how many units of A will be sold? a. 14,000 b. 8,750 c. 7,000 d. 3,500 32.A company's selling price is $18 per unit, variable cost is $6 per unit, and fixed costs are $36,000. If fixed costs increased by $6,000, how many additional units must be sold to break even? a. 5,000 b. 1,000 c. 500 d. 250 1.Catfish Company produces two products, C and F, with the following characteristics: Product C Product F Selling price per unit $10 $15 Variable cost per unit $8 $10 Expected sales (units) 10,000 5,000 Total fixed costs for the company are $21,000. REQUIRED: a. b. What is the anticipated level of profits for the expected sales volume? Product C($) Product F($) Total($) Sales 100,000 75,000 175,000 Less: VC 80,000 50,000 130,000 Contribution 20,000 25,000 45,000 Less: FC 21,000 Profit 24,000 Assuming the product mix would be the same at the break-even point, compute the breakeven point in terms of each of the products. Product Mix: 2:1 Product C : Product F Fixed Cost allocation at this Ratio = 14,000: 7,000 BEP of C = Fixed Cost / Contribution Per Unit BEP of C = 14,000 / 2 = 7,000 Units BEP of F = 7,000 / 5 = 1,400 Units c. If only product C were sold, how many units would be needed to break even? Units Needed to Break Even if only Product C were sold: 21,000 / 2 = 10,500 Units d. If only product F were sold, how many units would be needed to break even? Units Needed to Break Even if only Product F were sold: 21,000 / 5 = 4,200 Units e. If the product mix changed so that equal units of C and F were sold, what would be the new break-even point in total units? If Product Mix is Changed: Total Contribution Per Unit of C and F = 2 + 5 = $7 BEP = 21,000 / 7 = 3,000 Units of Both C and F Total 6,000 Units f. Discuss the accuracy of the above calculations with regards to planning. What types of occurrences could affect the accuracy of the calculations? What assumptions must be made to use the calculations in planning and decision making? Chapter 7 11. The short-run differential costs of a product are $25. Fixed costs are $5 per unit based on 10,000 units produced during this period. The company has adequate capacity to accept a special order of 1,000 units. What is the minimum price that could be charged using the differential approach to pricing? a. $ 5.00 b. $20.00 c. $25.00 d. $30.00 14. Sebastian Enterprises sells a product for $25 per unit and has the following costs for the product Direct Materials $10 Direct Labor 5 Variable Overhead 3 Fixed Overhead 2 Total $20 The company received a special order for 100 units of the product. The order would require rental of a special tool which costs $200. What is the minimum price per unit that Sebastian Enterprises should charge for this special order if they wish to earn a $300 profit on this order? Assume there is sufficient idle capacity to accept this order. a. $18 b. $20 c. $23 d. $25 65.Pete's Sports Products makes caps and uniforms. It can sell all of either product it can make. The relevant data for these two products follows: Caps Uniforms 0.5 Hour 2 Hours Selling price per unit $10 $20 Variable costs per unit $2 $4 Machine time per unit Total fixed overhead is $240,000. The company has 100,000 machine hours available for production. The company should select which product to maximize operating profits? a. Uniforms, because its contribution margin per unit is $16. b. Uniforms, because its contribution margin per hour is $8. c. Caps, because its contribution margin per hour is $16 d. Caps, because its contribution margin per unit is $8. 1.Genia Enterprises, Inc. has the capacity to produce 12,000 units per year. Expected operations for the year are Sales (10,000 units @ $20) $200,000 Manufacturing costs: Variable $8 per unit Fixed $40,000 Marketing and administrative costs: Variable $3 per unit Fixed $20,000 REQUIRED: a. What is the expected level of operating profits? expected level of operating profits Amount in $ particulars per unit Amount Sales (10,000 units) 20 200,000 manufacturing 8 80,000 marketing 3 30,000 contribution 9 90,000 Less: variable cost Less; Manufacturing fixed cost 40,000 marketing fixed cost 20,000 Operating profit 30,000 b. Should the company accept a special order for 1,000 units at a selling price of $15 if variable marketing expenses associated with this special order would be $2 per unit? Calculate the incremental profits if the order is accepted. Incremental contribution per unit=$15$11$2=$2 Incremental contribution because of order=$1000*$2==2,000 so operating profit increased=30,000+2,000=32,000 c. Suppose the company received a special order for 3,000 units at a selling price of $15 with no variable marketing expenses. Calculate the impact on operating profits. Incremental contribution per unit=$15$11$=$4 Incremental contribution because of order=$3000*$4$5,000*==7,000 loss for 1,000 units above production =$20$15=$5 *total loss=$5*1,000=$5,000 so operating profit increased=30,000+7,000=37,000 Chapter 8 2. What is the process by which a firm considering acquiring a new plant or new equipment must decide whether to make the investment, then decide how to raise the funds required for the investment? a. zero-based budgeting. b. capital budgeting. c. annual budgeting. d. management by objectives. 11. In making capital budgeting decisions, the discounted cash flow method aids in evaluating investments involving cash flows over time where there is a significant time difference between cash payment and receipt. Analysts use which two discounted cash flow methods? a. the future value method and the internal rate of return method. b. the net present value method and the external rate of return method. c. the net present value method and the internal rate of return method. d. the future value method and the external rate of return method. 27. What would the initial cash flows associated with an investment project include? a. asset, freight and installation costs. b. cash proceeds from disposing of existing assets made redundant or unnecessary by the new project. c. income tax effect of gain(loss) on disposal of existing assets. d. all of the above. 39. Project A has an expected cash flow of $500,000 at the end of year 5. Project B has an expected cash flow of $100,000 to be received at the end of each year for the next five years. What can be said of the net present value of project A compared to project B? a. They are the same because both cash flows total $500,000 over the lives of the projects. b. Project A is preferred because of the largest lump-sum payment in year 5. c. Project B is preferred because of the periodic payments made consistently throughout the years and are made earlier. d. The both have the same internal rate of return and either should be accepted. 67. A project requires an initial investment of $43,000 and has the following expected stream of cash flows: Year 1 $20,000 Year 2 $30,000 The internal rate of return for the project is closest to a. 0 percent. b. 10 percent. c. 15 percent. d. 20 percent. 1.The XYZ Company is evaluating a capital budgeting proposal for the current year. The initial investment would be $50,000. It would be depreciated on a straight-line basis over five years with no salvage value. The before-tax annual cash inflow due to this investment is $5,000, and the income tax rate is 40 percent paid in the same year as incurred. The desired after-tax rate of return is 15 percent. All cash flows occur at year-end. What is the net present value of XYZ's capital-budgeting proposal? Should the proposal be accepted