With respect to each of the following activities, characteristics, and applications, indicate whether they are primarily identified as being found in a centralized organization, a decentralized organization, or both types of organizations.

1. both
2. centralization
3. decentralization

Required:

1. Freedom for managers at lower organizational levels to make decisions.
2. Gathering information may be very expensive.
3. Greater responsiveness to user needs.
4. Have few interdependencies among divisions.
5. Maximum constraints and minimum freedom for managers at lowest levels.
6. Maximization of benefits over costs.
7. Minimization of duplicate functions.
8. Minimum of sub optimal decision making.
9. Multiple responsibility centers with various reporting units.
10. Profit centers.